Antarctica's Prehistoric Giant
Scientists Identify First Dinosaur in Antarctica, Continent Was Forested 145 Million Years Ago
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A tiny bone found in 1985 and forgotten in a drawer for 40 years has just made history. Scientists have officially identified it as a titanosaur tail vertebra — making it the first dinosaur fossil ever collected in Antarctica, according to El Periódico.
The study was published on June 29, 2026 in the journal *Acta Palaeontologica Polonica*. The fossil dates back 82 to 83 million years. At that time, Antarctica was not a frozen desert — it was covered in lush temperate forests, La Provincia reported.
A Bone Found in 1985, Ignored Until 2023
On December 9, 1985, British geologist Dr. Mike Thomson and German paleontologist Reinhard Förster were mapping rock layers on James Ross Island, in the Antarctic Peninsula. They found a small bone fragment, roughly 10 centimeters wide. Because it was surrounded by marine rock, they assumed it came from a sea creature like a plesiosaur, Diario de Ibiza reported.
The bone was shipped to the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) in Cambridge, UK. It sat untouched in a wooden drawer for nearly four decades. In 2023, BAS collections manager Dr. Mark Evans spotted its unusual shape during a routine archive check. He recognized a classic "ball-and-socket" structure only seen in land dinosaurs, and launched a formal investigation with experts from the Natural History Museum in London, according to LNE.
Professor Barrett Knew Instantly: 'A Dead Cert Titanosaur'
Professor Paul Barrett of the Natural History Museum led the 2026 study. His reaction to seeing the fossil was immediate. "As soon as I saw it, I knew what we were dealing with," he said. "It was a dead cert we were dealing with a titanosaur." Titanosaurs are the group of sauropods that includes the largest land animals ever to have lived, El Periódico de Aragón reported.
The animal is estimated to have been 6 to 7 meters long — small by titanosaur standards. For comparison, the giant *Patagotitan* reached 37 meters. Dr. Evans also reflected on the late Dr. Thomson, who died in 2020. "A bone that sat in a drawer for 40 years is now providing a rare glimpse at the dinosaurs that roamed Antarctica," he said. "It's very special to confirm Mike's find 40 years later," according to Diario Córdoba.
Antarctica Was Once a Dinosaur Forest, Not an Ice Sheet
When this titanosaur was alive, Antarctica looked nothing like today. It was part of Gondwana, the ancient supercontinent. Forests of conifers and other trees covered the land. The continent served as a corridor connecting South America to what is now Australia and New Zealand, La Opinión de Murcia reported.
Barrett said: "At the time this animal lived, Antarctica would have been covered in lush temperate forest." Scientists say this find is the second sauropod body fossil ever found in Antarctica. Before 2026, the first officially recognized Antarctic dinosaur was *Antarctopelta oliveroi*, found in 1986 — a year after Thomson's discovery. The new study corrects that historical record, El Correo Gallego reported.
Melting Ice Could Trigger a Paleontology Gold Rush
Scientists say the Antarctic ice is retreating due to modern climate change. As it does, more ancient rock is exposed. Researchers expect this to open a new era of fossil discovery on the continent. The BAS has announced plans to 3D scan its entire uncatalogued geological collection to prevent more finds from being overlooked, according to Información.
The titanosaur find also has big implications for biogeography — the study of where species lived. Since Antarctica was connected to Australia and New Zealand at the time, scientists now believe titanosaurs almost certainly lived there too. There are over 100 known titanosaur species, but none had been confirmed this far south until now, El DÃa reported.
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